B
Bartholin’s gland
Behçet’s disease
Blockage of the sensory system
Bunion

Bursitis

These glands respond to sexually arousal by producing a clear mucus which leaves the vagina smooth.
Eyes, mouth, joints and skin conditions.
Disorders effecting sight, hearing, taste, smell and sense.

Inflammation of the great toe causing it to be abnormally positioned (bended outwards); hallux vulgus.
Bursitis usually occur around joints, tendons, bones and knees.

C
Carpal-tunnelsyndrom
Cataract
Cat scratch disease
Cervical spondylosis
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Chondromalacia patella
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
Compartment syndrome
Coarctation
Coagulation disorders
Colour blindness
Cor pulmonale

Contracture
Corticotrophin
Cracked skin

Cretinism

Swelling, tingling, numbness, painful nerve impulses in hands and thumbs.
Eye condition - for example, people realise they cannot drive at night and have blurry vision.
Disease effecting the lymph nodes.
Neck hernia.
Wooden leg, deformation/narrowing of the lower leg and paralysis.
Experiencing pain and stiffness of the cartilage behind the kneecap.
Respiratory distress syndrome.
Narrowing of the arteries and veins in the lower arms and legs.
Narrowing of the coronary/aorta causing high or low blood pressure.
Blood circulation narrowing of the arteries and veins.
Eye: Colour blindness could possibly occur with multiple sclerosis and diabetes.
Narrowing of small branches of the lung arteries causing lung cramping and breathlessness as well as heart disease.
Shortening of muscles, tissue and veins.
Narrowing of internal glands (endocrine system).
Blockage of the water level in the skin which is responsible for elasticity and softness, causing the skin to crack.
Thyroid gland disease.

D
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Dermatophytosis
Diabetes
Diplopia
Drooping eyelids
Dwarfism

Dermatomysitis

Skin condition.
Fungal infection of the skin.
Narrowing of the pancreas.
Eye: Double vision.
Eye: Baggy drooping eyelid.
Result of gland disorders (endocrine) that effects a pituitary gland hormone, growth hormone or adrenal insufficiency by working more slowly than usual.
Mechanical blockage of skin and muscles.

E
Eczema
Embolism
Enophthalmus

Epicanthic fold
Erythema multiform

Skin condition.
Heart embolism, pulmonary embolism caused by sudden blockage of the arteries.
Eye: Posterior displacement of the eyeball causing eyelids to close and changes the eyeball and orbital fat volume.
Eye: Skin fold of the upper eyelid covering the inner corner.
Hypersensitivity characterised by a red and swollen rash.

F
Faint
Fasciitis
Field of vision
Floaters
Foot odour

Temporary shortage of blood circulation towards the brain.
Inflammation of the spine and surrounding tissue.
Eye: Ability to focus the eye. 
Eye: ‘Myodesopsia’ - light flashes in the eyes, risk of detached retina.
Hyperhidrosis, axillary, palmares, plantaris’’ - excessive sweating due to over activity. This can occur anywhere on the skin such as palms, armpits, groin and feet.

G
Gangrene

Genu valgum (knock-knee)

Gland disorders

Necrosis of tissue (hands or feet) usually due to lack of blood circulation (atherosclerosis and diabetes).
Slight deformation where the ankles are apart and it therefore looks like the knees are held together.
External glands (exocrine) and internal glands (endocrine).

H
Hallux valgus

Halitosis
Hallux flexus
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Hypertension
Hydropsy (oedema)
Hyperlipidemia
Hypermetropia

Hyperpanathyroidism

Hypoxia

Deformity of the feet characterised by lateral deviation of the great toe. Sometimes a crooked toe will position itself over or under an adjacent toe.
Bad breath.
Condition that keeps the tendons tight causing the toe to remain bend.
Thyroid gland becomes firm and large causing pain and difficulties when swallowing.
High blood pressure.
Fluid build-up in tissue due to heart failure, kidney disease or liver cirrhosis.
Eye: At an early stage, a clear white line is visible around the cornea.     
Eye condition causing difficulty focusing on near objects, and in extreme cases causing a sufferer to be unable to focus on objects at any distance.
’Overproduction of hormone’ - one of the four glands within the mass of the thyroid glands located in the neck.
Oxygen shortage in tissue (gangrene) due to the narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis) - caused by suffocation due to respiratory disease.

I
Ingrown toenail
Intermittent claudication

Inflammation of the soft tissue around the nails.
Limited blood circulation in the muscles (narrowing of the veins) causes a sudden pain in the calf muscle, making walking uncomfortable. (atherosclerosis).

K
Keratitis

Kidney disease



Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Keratoconus


Keratomalacia

Koilonychia

Kyphosis
Kyphoscoliosis, kyphosis

Eye: Inflammation of the outer lens (cornea) usually very painful and causes watery eyes and hypersensitivity toward light.
Such a reduction of function can result in narrowing of the kidney artery due to disease, lower heart rate caused by heart failure, reduction of blood circulation due to bleeding or acute dehydration, drop in blood pressure due to shock or severe infection of blockage of the kidney arteries caused by thrombosis.
Eye: Causes dry eyes (adnexa).
Eye: Corneas will protrude and the actual distance between the cornea and the retina becomes bigger. This causes images of faraway objects to become blurry and closer objects to be clearly visible. This form of myopia can deteriorate as the keratoconus develops.
Eye: ‘Vitamin A deficiency’ - common cause of dry eyes and blindness with a characteristic foamy spot.
Nail disease making the nails thin, brittle and flat in shape and can cause nail tissue detachment and infection.
Over-curvature of the upper back.
Amplifies the natural S shape of the spinal column and can cause back pain.

L
Leukaemia

Lordosis
Lichen planus

Lichen simplex
Lupus erythematosus


Lupus pernio
Lymph disorders



Lymphocytes

A certain group of white blood cells which multiply in an abnormal and uncontrollable fashion causing the normal blood constituents to be replaced and disrupted.
See kyphosis.
Skin condition that causes an intensely itchy skin and flat-topped papules up to 3 mm thick with a shiny red glow.
Skin condition caused by persistent scratching thereby causing a lichen infection.
Severe disruption of the immune system, causing some parts of the body to be no longer recognised as its own and thus start attacking the immune system - skin condition is one of form it can take such as red skin or thick nodules usually on the face and/or scalp.
Effects the skin leaving raised purple swelling on the nose, ears and cheeks.
Mostly located in groups in the neck, under armpits, in the groin and around blood vessels in the abdomen/chest and are connected by thin walled lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes acts as filters to extract an infection from the exhaust lymphocyte as well as containing lymphocyte.
Special type of white blood cell that are involved with the immune system of the body - B cells produce antibodies (immunogloboulinen) and T cells help protect against viral infections and cancer.

M
Malocclusion
Ménière’s disease


Mitral valve disorders

Muscle disorders
Mycosis fungoides

Muscle spasm
Myxedema

Myelopathy
Myopia

Myoclonus

Myxoma

Misalignment of the teeth/two dental arches.
Disease that is characterised by a combination of dizziness, nausea, auditory deficiency and tinnitus. Some patients experience migraine caused by the increase of the amount of pressure of fluid in the inner ear.
Left-side valve of the heart positioned between the left atrium and the left ventricle. The valve receives blood from the lungs, but due to descensus of the heart, the entire valve becomes damaged.
Gangrene, spasm, intermittent claudication and fibroid.
Skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, inflamed spots, flaky skin and (at a later stage) actual tumours.
See spasm
Hypotrhyroidism, dry skin, cold hands and feet, flaky skin, hair will be stiff and brittle, eyebrows disappear, easily exhausted and muscle pain.
Spinal cord hernia.
Eye: Short-sighted - most people wear contacts or glasses, but severe myopia can cause retina detachment, retina deterioration and haemorrhaging.
A brief, involuntary twitching of a muscle/group of muscles. It could be a sign of epilepsy of other neurological disorders.
Narrowing and blockage of blood vessels.

N
Nail conditions
Nail clubbing (drumstick fingers)

Neck stiffness
Neuralgia
Neurasthenia
Nasal congestion

Psoriasis - thyrotoxicosis toenail - onychogry phosis and paronychia.
Nails are swollen, specifically behind the root, causing the natural dent to be replaced by a bulge. Various diseases are associated with this condition, such as lung cancer, bronchiectasis and lever cirrhoses. These diseases are considered to be very severe.
Crooked neck (meningitis) caused by torticollis.
Damage to one or more nerves causing pain to one side of the face.
Psychopathological term to express exhaustion of the central nervous system’s energy reserves.
Caused by enlarged tonsils, polyps, (rarely) a tumour in the nose. One-sided congestion is very common (crooked nose).

O
Optic atrophy
Osgood-schlatter disease
Osteoarthritis

Eye: Clearly visible optic nerve tip (white instead of pink).
Irritation of the patellar ligament.
Spinal cord, knee, hip joint and restricted movement of the joints.

P
Parotid gland disorder

Peyronie’s disease

Prolapse

Portal hypertension


Presbyopia

Prognathism
Psoriasis

The parotid gland produces less saliva than normal when the body suffers from a moisture deficiency (abnormally dry mouth).
Penile deviation (“Corpus cavernosum”) is a condition in which the erected penis has an abnormal curvature to one side "crooked penis".
Prolapse of an entire/part of an organ therefore leaving its natural place. For example, the rectum, uterus, bladder and vagina.
The liver is surrounded by little arteries and veins and when liver cirrhosis occurs, these branches are narrowed by the surrounding connective tissue obstructing blood circulation. Symptoms include fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity.
Eye: Condition that, with age, effects the ability to focus on near objects. Usually noticeable around the age of 45.
Mandible (lower jaw)/maxilla (upper jaw) protrusion.
(Chronic) skin condition with bright red, pink, sharp, cut, dry patches with silvery scales on the elbows, knees, shins, scalp and lower back. Can also cause inflammation and peeling nails.

Q

R
Raynaud’s disease

Receding chin
Retinitis pigmentosa

Respiratory disorders

Narrowing and clotting of the small arteries leading to the fingers and toes causing gangrene at the tip of the effected fingers and toes.
Congenital defect caused by a mismatch between the size mandible and the rest of the facial bones.
Eye: Caused by abnormalities of the photoreceptors (rods and cones) or the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of the retina leading to progressive sight loss. An early sign is nyctalopia.
Large group including actinomycosis, anthracosis, bronchial asthma, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, emphysema, haemothorax, laryngotrachobronchitis, legionnaires disease, lung cancer, respiratory disease, pulmonary embolism, respiratory distress syndrome, sarcoidosis, silicosis, people whose immune system is defective are at greater risk of catching a yeast infection.

S
Sjögren’s syndrome
Snoring
Spasm

Stiff shoulder
Subconjunctival haemorrhage
Synovitis

Dry eyes, mouth and vagina.
Vibration of respiratory structures.
Involuntary contraction of muscles or group of muscles. This often causes al sort of symptoms such as migraine of even may result in death if the spasm involves the aorta or respiratory systems (asthma).
Painful stiffness of the shoulder joint restricting normal movement.
Eye: Blood release visible in the sclera.

Membranes produce fluid that lubricates the joints. Inflammation does not only cause pain, but also redness and heat and results in an increased secretion of fluid and swelling of the joint.

T
Tetany


Thromboangiitis obliterans


Thyrotoxicosis



Tinnitus
Tooth diseases
Trigeminal neuralgia
Thyrotoxicosis
Thromboangiitis obliterans

Tinea
Torsio
Torticollis
Transient ischemic attack

Often effects the hands and feet and result in a claw-like effect spreading to nearby joints. In severe cases it can also cause facial pain, spread to effect the larynx and even back muscles and in extreme persistent forms may also lead to damaged muscles which effect the functioning of the thyroid gland.
Causes arteries to become more and more clogged by blood clots which reduce the blood circulation to the limbs such as the legs. This results in a cold sensation in the legs and/or even a blue colouring of the skin (due to lack of blood circulation) and may progress to gangrene.
Thyroid gland condition causing an overproduction of thyroid hormones. A common characteristic is a fast and irregular heart rhythm, sweating, shaking, weight-loss despite healthy diet and heart palpitations. Often patients dislike hot water, have a blank stare in their eyes caused by the retraction of the upper eyelids and have bulging eye due to the swollen tissue behind them.
Whooshing or whistling sound heard in one or both ears.
Inflammation, crooked teeth, uneven upper and lower jaw line.
Sudden nerve impulses causing momentary pain sensations in cheeks, lips, gums, chin and tongue.
Thyroid gland disorders.
Blockage in arteries resulting in cold hands and feet.

Flakes and inflammation of the skin, feet, torso, head and nail detachment.
Effects blood vessels, testicles and internal organs in the abdomen.
Bending of the neck.
Short disruption in heart and brain functions.

U
Urinary retention

Mechanical obstruction to release urine.

V
Valgus
Varices
Varicose veins

Vasoconstriction
Visual acuity
Vulva disease

Deformation of the feet and toes.
Deformed parts of blood vessel, veins in the legs and oesophagus.
Irregular expansion and deformation of veins. This conditions usually occurs in the legs, but may effect other parts as well.
Narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels.
Eye: Blurred vision (myopia), hyperopic, astigmatism and prebyopia.
Fungal infection of the external female genitals, labia and clitoris. For example: genital herpes.

X
Xerostomia
Xerophthalmia

Dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, tooth decay and the teeth will deteriorate.
Dry eyes result in eye disease.