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O
Onychogryphosis
Ophtalmoplegia
Optic atrophy
Osgood-schlatter disease
Osteoarthritis
Osteoporosis

Claw-like deformation of the fingers.
Paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles.
Eye: Clearly visible optic nerve tip (white instead of pink).
Irritation of the patellar ligament.
Spinal cord, knee, hip joint and restricted movement of the joints.
Chronic degenerative joint disease which causes damage to the articular cartilage leading to a severe weakening of the bone and fracture.

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P
Paget’s disease of bone

Pancreatitis
Pancoast tumor



Papil-oedema

Paralysis

Parkinson’s disease
Parotid gland disorder

Peyronie’s disease

Pericarditis
Periodontal disease
Phlebitis
Prolapse

Proptosis
Polymyalgia rheumatica

Portal hypertension


Presbyopia

Progeria

Prognathism
Psoriasis

Pupil disorders

Often bones are effected, enlarged or deformed. Most commonly effected are the skull, collar bones, spinal cord, pelvis and legs which can lead to paralysis.
‘Pancreas’; potentially very dangerous due to immune system failure. (More extreme than diabetes).
Tumour in the lower part of the neck, near the lung. Physical characteristics are shoulder pain, upper chest pain, lower neck pain, pain under the armpits and in the arms. The tumour could spread to the pleura and spine causing hoarseness en deterioration of the larynx. Also effects the tonus in the arms and hands. Often the tumour is a form of lung cancer.
Eye: Swelling and protruding of the facial nerve within the eye. Characteristic of increased pressure within the skull caused by internal swelling.
Defective muscular reaction due to disruption of the nerve supply from the brain towards a peripheral nerve disorder. Due to damage to nerves (stroke, multiple sclerosis).
Involuntary movement of hands and fingers and thus stiffness and slowness of movement.
The parotid gland produces less saliva than normal when the body suffers from a moisture deficiency (abnormally dry mouth).
Penile deviation (“Corpus cavernosum”) is a condition in which the erected penis has an abnormal curvature to one side "crooked penis".
Inflammation of the heart pericardium (lining surrounding the heart - pericardium) .
Tissue condition effecting tissue around and under the teeth "Malocclusion”.
Inflammation of vein wall, usually resulting in blood clots.
Prolapse of an entire/part of an organ therefore leaving its natural place. For example, the rectum, uterus, bladder and vagina.
Eye: Protrusion of an eyeball (exophtalamus).
Persistent symptoms such as stiffness in the shoulder, neck, back and arms as well as diplopia, vision loss, headache, affected veins and sudden blindness.
The liver is surrounded by little arteries and veins and when liver cirrhosis occurs, these branches are narrowed by the surrounding connective tissue obstructing blood circulation. Symptoms include fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity.
Eye: Condition that, with age, effects the ability to focus on near objects. Usually noticeable around the age of 45.
Symptoms resemble aspects of aging such as, wrinkled skin, hair loss, deafness, cataracts, hair loss, arthritis, thrombosis of the coronary arteries (stroke) and/or arteriosclerosis.
Mandible (lower jaw)/maxilla (upper jaw) protrusion.
(Chronic) skin condition with bright red, pink, sharp, cut, dry patches with silvery scales on the elbows, knees, shins, scalp and lower back. Can also cause inflammation and peeling nails.
Eye: Many disorders effect the size and shape of the pupil, for example a congenital coloboma of the iris can cause a hole in the structure of the eye. Commonly seen on both sides and can occur with the absence of a part of the retina. Vision does not necessarily have to suffer.

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Q
Quadrantopia

Quadriplegia

Eye: Loss of vision caused by damage to the neural pathways as a result of disease.
These pathways provide the brain with the neurological information from the eyes.
Paralysis of the muscles in both arms, legs and torso due to damage to the spinal cord above the level where the nerves connect to the arms.

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R
Raynaud’s disease

Radial keratotomia

Receding chin
Rectal cancer
Rectal prolapse
Retina detachment

Retinitis Pigmentosa

Rheumatoid arthritis

Narrowing and clotting of the small arteries leading to the fingers and toes causing gangrene at the tip of the effected fingers and toes.
Eye: Operational procedure that should reduce myopia by making a radial incision in the anterior eye lens with the intention to flatten the bending off the lens.
Congenital defect caused by a mismatch between the size mandible and the rest of the facial bones.
Narrowing of the internal glands (endocrine gland) and tissue.
Mucosa of the anus, lower part of the rectum, protrudes through the anus. 
Eye: Fluid build-up under the retina pushing forward causing the retina to detach from the underlying nourishing layer. Usually in combination with bright flashes.
Eye: Caused by abnormalities of the photoreceptors (rods and cones) or the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of the retina leading to progressive sight loss. An early sign is nyctalopia.
Immunological disorder causing disability as a result of lengthy disruption process that effects the small joints such as fingers and hands, but slowly progresses towards wrists, elbows, shoulders and other joints. Joints closely located to the palms are often sooner effected than the fingertips and this causes a characteristic appearance of tendonitis with dry mouth and eyes.